The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), formerly known as food stamps, helps low-income individuals and families access nutritious food. Administered by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) and managed by states, SNAP provides monthly benefits via an Electronic Benefits Transfer (EBT) card. But who qualifies? This guide breaks down the eligibility criteria, income limits, and steps to check your status as of 2025.
What Are the Basic SNAP Eligibility Requirements?
SNAP eligibility depends on several factors, which vary slightly by state. Here are the core criteria:
- Income: Your household’s gross income must generally be at or below 130% of the federal poverty level. For a family of three in 2025, this is approximately $33,576 annually, though limits adjust annually.
- Resources: Most households can have up to $3,000 in countable assets (e.g., bank accounts), or $4,500 if at least one member is elderly or disabled. Some states have broader asset limits.
- Household Size: This includes everyone living together and sharing meals, regardless of relationship.
- Citizenship and Residency: Applicants must be U.S. citizens or certain lawfully present immigrants and reside in the state where they apply.
States may also consider deductions (e.g., housing costs) to calculate net income, which can affect eligibility.
Special Eligibility Categories
Certain groups may qualify more easily due to specific circumstances:
- Children and Seniors: Households with children under 18 or individuals over 60 often face relaxed asset or work rules.
- Disabled Individuals: Those receiving Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) or Supplemental Security Income (SSI) may be categorically eligible.
- Temporary Assistance Recipients: Households receiving Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) or other state aid may automatically qualify.
- Homeless Individuals: Special provisions exist for those without a fixed address.
Work Requirements and Exemptions
Able-bodied adults without dependents (ABAWDs) aged 18-52 (as of 2025) must meet work requirements, such as working 20 hours per week or participating in a training program, unless exempt. Exemptions include:
- Being pregnant or a parent of a child under 6.
- Having a disability or being over 52.
- Residing in an area with insufficient job opportunities.
Failure to meet work rules can limit benefits to 3 months in a 3-year period unless requirements are fulfilled.
How to Check Your SNAP Eligibility
Beyond the general guidelines, your exact eligibility depends on state-specific rules. Here’s how to confirm:
- Use an Online Calculator: Start with our SNAP Eligibility Calculator to get a quick estimate based on your income, household size, and assets.
- Contact Your State Agency: Reach out to your state’s SNAP office (links available on our state resource page) for a detailed assessment.
- Apply to Verify: Submitting an application allows the state to officially determine your eligibility, even if you’re unsure.
Frequently Asked Questions About SNAP Eligibility
Can I qualify if I’m unemployed?
Yes, unemployment doesn’t disqualify you. Eligibility hinges on income and assets, not employment status.
What if my income fluctuates?
States consider your average monthly income. Report changes to ensure accurate benefits.
Do non-citizens qualify?
Certain lawfully present immigrants (e.g., refugees) may qualify, but undocumented individuals typically do not.
Next Steps
Ready to check your eligibility? Use our calculator above or visit your state’s SNAP website for more details. For a full guide on applying, explore our How to Apply for SNAP Benefits. Need help? Contact your local SNAP office or call 1-800-221-5689.